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Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 47(2): 114-123, jun. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-533398

ABSTRACT

Las variantes de las demencias frontotemporales son la variante frontal (VF), la afasia progresiva no fluente (APnF) y la demencia semßntica (DS), que se inicia como afasia progresiva fluente (APF). En una serie de 40 pacientes con estudio clínico e imagenológico encontramos 31 casos VF, 6 casos APF y 3 APnF. El lenguaje de los casos VF sólo a veces fue normal; se caracterizaba por ser poco informativo y poco fluente, con reducción de las ideas atingentes y aparición de ideas no atingentes o perseverativas. Diecisiete eran afßsicosy2/3 tenían defectos de comprensión. Su actitud era inadecuada, con demencia severa, apatía o euforia. En los grupos APF y APnF el iiscurso era relativamente informativo; la demencia era menos severa y la actitud mßs comprensible (ansiedad) que en el grupo VF. La fluidez diferenciaba esos grupos. Sólo en 2 sujetos del grupo APF se comprobó un defecto semßntico no verbal que permitió diagnosticarlos como DS. Se plantea que en la VF, a diferencia de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, existe una pérdida del interés comunicativo y del darse cuenta de la actitud del otro.


Frontotemporal dementia has 3 variants: frontal or behavioral (VF), progressive non fluent aphasia (APnF) and semantic dementia (DS). This one frequently starts as a progressive fluent aphasia (APF). In a series of 40 patients with clinical and brain imaging we found 31 VF, 6 APF and only 3 APnF cases. The oral language in VF patients was usually abnormal, non fluent and non informative; the number of ideas was reduced and some of them were out of context. Seventeen out of 31 VF had aphasia, and the deficit of oral comprehension was frequent. Their attitude was unusual, with severe dementia, apathy or euphoria. In groups APnF and APF the speech was fairly informative, dementia was less severe and their attitude (anxiety) more understandable than in the group VF. Fluency differentiates these groups. Only 2 subjects in the group APF had a nonverbal semantic defect that led to the diagnosis ofSD. We conclude that in the VF, unlike the usual Alzheimer's disease, there is a loss of interest in the communication and in realize the attitude of the other.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Dementia/diagnosis , Dementia/physiopathology , Speech Disorders/diagnosis , Speech Disorders/physiopathology , Aphasia/etiology , Aphasia/physiopathology , Language Tests , Frontal Lobe/physiopathology , Temporal Lobe/physiopathology , Neuropsychological Tests , Speech Disorders/etiology
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